{
  "_id": "6a25457a4b233be19839aa9b",
  "Package": "eco",
  "Version": "4.0-6",
  "Date": "2025-12-08",
  "Title": "Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
  "Authors@R": "c(\nperson(\"Kosuke\", \"Imai\", , \"imai@Harvard.Edu\", c(\"aut\", \"cre\")),\nperson(\"Ying\", \"Lu\", , \"ying.lu@nyu.edu\", c(\"aut\")),\nperson(\"Aaron\", \"Strauss\", , \"aaronbstrauss@gmail.com\", c(\"aut\")),\nperson(\"Hubert\", \"Jin\", , \"hubertj@princeton.edu\", c(\"ctb\"))\n)",
  "Maintainer": "Kosuke Imai <imai@Harvard.Edu>",
  "Description": "Implements the Bayesian and likelihood methods proposed in\nImai, Lu, and Strauss (2008 <doi:10.1093/pan/mpm017>) and (2011\n<doi:10.18637/jss.v042.i05>) for ecological inference in 2 by 2\ntables as well as the method of bounds introduced by Duncan and\nDavis (1953).  The package fits both parametric and\nnonparametric models using either the Expectation-Maximization\nalgorithms (for likelihood models) or the Markov chain Monte\nCarlo algorithms (for Bayesian models).  For all models, the\nindividual-level data can be directly incorporated into the\nestimation whenever such data are available. Along with\nin-sample and out-of-sample predictions, the package also\nprovides a functionality which allows one to quantify the\neffect of data aggregation on parameter estimation and\nhypothesis testing under the parametric likelihood models.",
  "LazyLoad": "yes",
  "LazyData": "yes",
  "License": "GPL (>= 2)",
  "URL": "https://github.com/kosukeimai/eco",
  "BugReports": "https://github.com/kosukeimai/eco/issues",
  "RoxygenNote": "7.3.3",
  "Repository": "https://kosukeimai.r-universe.dev",
  "Date/Publication": "2025-12-09 02:31:57 UTC",
  "RemoteUrl": "https://github.com/kosukeimai/eco",
  "RemoteRef": "HEAD",
  "RemoteSha": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
  "NeedsCompilation": "yes",
  "Packaged": {
    "Date": "2026-06-07 10:12:38 UTC",
    "User": "root"
  },
  "Author": "Kosuke Imai [aut, cre],\nYing Lu [aut],\nAaron Strauss [aut],\nHubert Jin [ctb]",
  "MD5sum": "2e3c1d4bb5b5ba23506546500cc995ca",
  "_user": "kosukeimai",
  "_type": "src",
  "_file": "eco_4.0-6.tar.gz",
  "_fileid": "e0b32f15bc09fe347c97962b03a348ec7af0d630c25f66f756689825fba1cb06",
  "_filesize": 414884,
  "_sha256": "e0b32f15bc09fe347c97962b03a348ec7af0d630c25f66f756689825fba1cb06",
  "_created": "2026-06-07T10:12:38.000Z",
  "_published": "2026-06-07T10:18:34.096Z",
  "_distro": "noble",
  "_jobs": [
    {
      "job": 79950566082,
      "time": 168,
      "config": "linux-devel-arm64",
      "r": "4.7.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463160737"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950566095,
      "time": 119,
      "config": "linux-devel-x86_64",
      "r": "4.7.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463154507"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950566105,
      "time": 134,
      "config": "linux-release-arm64",
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463156706"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950566064,
      "time": 110,
      "config": "linux-release-x86_64",
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463153640"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950566102,
      "time": 113,
      "config": "macos-oldrel-arm64",
      "r": "4.5.3",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463153781"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950566101,
      "time": 315,
      "config": "macos-oldrel-x86_64",
      "r": "4.5.3",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463177054"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950566097,
      "time": 101,
      "config": "macos-release-arm64",
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463152396"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950566087,
      "time": 195,
      "config": "macos-release-x86_64",
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463163703"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950373937,
      "time": 190,
      "config": "source",
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463139163"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950566089,
      "time": 98,
      "config": "wasm-release",
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463152048"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950566048,
      "time": 121,
      "config": "windows-devel",
      "r": "4.7.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463155292"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950566044,
      "time": 87,
      "config": "windows-oldrel",
      "r": "4.5.3",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463150840"
    },
    {
      "job": 79950566039,
      "time": 100,
      "config": "windows-release",
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "check": "OK",
      "artifact": "7463152543"
    }
  ],
  "_buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076",
  "_status": "success",
  "_host": "GitHub-Actions",
  "_upstream": "https://github.com/kosukeimai/eco",
  "_commit": {
    "id": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
    "author": "Kosuke Imai <imai@harvard.edu>",
    "committer": "Kosuke Imai <imai@harvard.edu>",
    "message": "up\n",
    "time": 1765247517
  },
  "_maintainer": {
    "name": "Kosuke Imai",
    "email": "imai@harvard.edu",
    "login": "kosukeimai",
    "description": "",
    "uuid": 6608243
  },
  "_registered": true,
  "_dependencies": [
    {
      "package": "R",
      "version": ">= 2.0",
      "role": "Depends"
    },
    {
      "package": "MASS",
      "role": "Depends"
    },
    {
      "package": "utils",
      "role": "Depends"
    },
    {
      "package": "testthat",
      "role": "Suggests"
    }
  ],
  "_owner": "kosukeimai",
  "_selfowned": true,
  "_usedby": 0,
  "_updates": [
    {
      "week": "2025-39",
      "n": 1
    },
    {
      "week": "2025-41",
      "n": 2
    },
    {
      "week": "2025-42",
      "n": 2
    },
    {
      "week": "2025-43",
      "n": 7
    },
    {
      "week": "2025-50",
      "n": 1
    }
  ],
  "_tags": [
    {
      "name": "4.0-5",
      "date": "2025-10-22"
    }
  ],
  "_stars": 5,
  "_contributors": [
    {
      "user": "hj08003",
      "count": 42,
      "uuid": 12300963
    },
    {
      "user": "kosukeimai",
      "count": 35,
      "uuid": 6608243
    },
    {
      "user": "fmkerckhof",
      "count": 2,
      "uuid": 2431458
    }
  ],
  "_userbio": {
    "uuid": 6608243,
    "type": "user",
    "name": "Kosuke Imai"
  },
  "_downloads": {
    "count": 145,
    "source": "https://cranlogs.r-pkg.org/downloads/total/last-month/eco"
  },
  "_devurl": "https://github.com/kosukeimai/eco",
  "_searchresults": 8,
  "_topics": [
    "openblas"
  ],
  "_rbuild": "4.6.0",
  "_assets": [
    "extra/citation.cff",
    "extra/citation.html",
    "extra/citation.json",
    "extra/citation.txt",
    "extra/contents.json",
    "extra/eco.html",
    "extra/readme.html",
    "extra/readme.md",
    "manual.pdf"
  ],
  "_homeurl": "https://github.com/kosukeimai/eco",
  "_realowner": "kosukeimai",
  "_cranurl": true,
  "_releases": [
    {
      "version": "1.0-1",
      "date": "2004-12-21"
    },
    {
      "version": "1.1-1",
      "date": "2005-06-16"
    },
    {
      "version": "2.1-1",
      "date": "2005-07-09"
    },
    {
      "version": "2.2-1",
      "date": "2005-09-30"
    },
    {
      "version": "2.2-2",
      "date": "2006-09-24"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.0-1",
      "date": "2007-01-01"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.0-2",
      "date": "2007-01-11"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.1-1",
      "date": "2007-06-28"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.1-2",
      "date": "2009-02-01"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.1-4",
      "date": "2009-07-18"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.1-5",
      "date": "2011-04-26"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.1-6",
      "date": "2012-06-12"
    },
    {
      "version": "3.1-7",
      "date": "2015-03-19"
    },
    {
      "version": "4.0-1",
      "date": "2017-08-01"
    },
    {
      "version": "4.0-3",
      "date": "2022-11-03"
    },
    {
      "version": "4.0-4",
      "date": "2025-10-21"
    },
    {
      "version": "4.0-5",
      "date": "2025-10-23"
    },
    {
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2025-12-11"
    }
  ],
  "_exports": [
    "eco",
    "ecoBD",
    "ecoML",
    "ecoNP",
    "Qfun",
    "varcov"
  ],
  "_datasets": [
    {
      "name": "census",
      "title": "Black Illiteracy Rates in 1910 US Census",
      "object": "census",
      "class": [
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "Y",
        "X",
        "N",
        "W1",
        "W2"
      ],
      "rows": 1040,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "forgnlit30",
      "title": "Foreign-born literacy in 1930",
      "object": "forgnlit30",
      "class": [
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "Y",
        "X",
        "W1",
        "W2",
        "ICPSR"
      ],
      "rows": 48,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "forgnlit30c",
      "title": "Foreign-born literacy in 1930, County Level",
      "object": "forgnlit30c",
      "class": [
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "Y",
        "X",
        "W1",
        "W2",
        "state",
        "county"
      ],
      "rows": 1976,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "housep88",
      "title": "Electoral Results for the House and Presidential Races in 1988",
      "object": "housep88",
      "class": [
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "Y",
        "X",
        "N",
        "HPCT",
        "DIST"
      ],
      "rows": 424,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "reg",
      "title": "Voter Registration in US Southern States",
      "object": "reg",
      "class": [
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "X",
        "Y",
        "N",
        "W1",
        "W2"
      ],
      "rows": 275,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    },
    {
      "name": "wallace",
      "title": "Black voting rates for Wallace for President, 1968",
      "object": "wallace",
      "class": [
        "data.frame"
      ],
      "fields": [
        "FIPS",
        "X",
        "Y"
      ],
      "rows": 1009,
      "table": true,
      "tojson": true
    }
  ],
  "_help": [
    {
      "page": "census",
      "title": "Black Illiteracy Rates in 1910 US Census",
      "topics": [
        "census"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "eco",
      "title": "Fitting the Parametric Bayesian Model of Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "eco"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "ecoBD",
      "title": "Calculating the Bounds for Ecological Inference in RxC Tables",
      "topics": [
        "ecoBD"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "ecoML",
      "title": "Fitting Parametric Models and Quantifying Missing Information for Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "ecoML"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "ecoNP",
      "title": "Fitting the Nonparametric Bayesian Models of Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "ecoNP"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "forgnlit30",
      "title": "Foreign-born literacy in 1930",
      "topics": [
        "forgnlit30"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "forgnlit30c",
      "title": "Foreign-born literacy in 1930, County Level",
      "topics": [
        "forgnlit30c"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "housep88",
      "title": "Electoral Results for the House and Presidential Races in 1988",
      "topics": [
        "housep88"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "predict.eco",
      "title": "Out-of-Sample Posterior Prediction under the Parametric Bayesian Model for Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "predict.eco"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "predict.ecoNP",
      "title": "Out-of-Sample Posterior Prediction under the Nonparametric Bayesian Model for Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "predict.ecoNP"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "predict.ecoNPX",
      "title": "Out-of-Sample Posterior Prediction under the Nonparametric Bayesian Model for Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "predict.ecoNPX"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "predict.ecoX",
      "title": "Out-of-Sample Posterior Prediction under the Parametric Bayesian Model for Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "predict.ecoX"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "print.summary.eco",
      "title": "Print the Summary of the Results for the Bayesian Parametric Model for Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "print.summary.eco"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "print.summary.ecoML",
      "title": "Print the Summary of the Results for the Maximum Likelihood Parametric Model for Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "print.summary.ecoML"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "print.summary.ecoNP",
      "title": "Print the Summary of the Results for the Bayesian Nonparametric Model for Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "print.summary.ecoNP"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "Qfun",
      "title": "Fitting the Parametric Bayesian Model of Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "Qfun"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "reg",
      "title": "Voter Registration in US Southern States",
      "topics": [
        "reg"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "summary.eco",
      "title": "Summarizing the Results for the Bayesian Parametric Model for Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "print.eco",
        "summary.eco"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "summary.ecoML",
      "title": "Summarizing the Results for the Maximum Likelihood Parametric Model for Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "summary.ecoML"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "summary.ecoNP",
      "title": "Summarizing the Results for the Bayesian Nonparametric Model for Ecological Inference in 2x2 Tables",
      "topics": [
        "summary.ecoNP"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "varcov",
      "title": "Calculate the variance or covariance of the object",
      "topics": [
        "varcov"
      ]
    },
    {
      "page": "wallace",
      "title": "Black voting rates for Wallace for President, 1968",
      "topics": [
        "wallace"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "_readme": "https://github.com/kosukeimai/eco/raw/HEAD/README.md",
  "_rundeps": [
    "MASS"
  ],
  "_sysdeps": [
    {
      "shlib": "liblapack",
      "package": "libopenblas0-pthread",
      "source": "openblas",
      "version": "0.3.26+ds-1ubuntu0.1",
      "name": "openblas",
      "homepage": "https://www.openblas.net/",
      "description": "Optimized BLAS (linear algebra) library (shared lib, pthread)"
    }
  ],
  "_score": 4.3979400086720375,
  "_indexed": true,
  "_nocasepkg": "eco",
  "_universes": [
    "kosukeimai"
  ],
  "_binaries": [
    {
      "r": "4.7.0",
      "os": "linux",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:15:37.000Z",
      "distro": "noble",
      "arch": "aarch64",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "88535f8b9f270082f1adf5b10c45860b2b8ba0f7fa585f6afce1335db4d1a967",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.7.0",
      "os": "linux",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:14:41.000Z",
      "distro": "noble",
      "arch": "x86_64",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "c8cbdafbd592c55a6c01c14635e351c711b333f8100aa353ab52429537eaf802",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "os": "linux",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:15:03.000Z",
      "distro": "noble",
      "arch": "aarch64",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "66c6c97b1f0a4de50056d87a1413c88c6780292f30eec12be0002b58c7f6edaf",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "os": "linux",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:14:34.000Z",
      "distro": "noble",
      "arch": "x86_64",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "51866de66cd7372ca9c99e45647e29a12bc1cb87730b29e4aec7b8a9407ee826",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.5.3",
      "os": "mac",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:14:36.000Z",
      "arch": "aarch64",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "cbbdf8705bf4bebe7b45813f29f7cb7848bcd5213c3ba87d569105bda2d89184",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.5.3",
      "os": "mac",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:16:56.000Z",
      "arch": "x86_64",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "4884e79b6ca4142cf7caaa53be341e4fe4fbd8f535d6b141431abd37992bb499",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "os": "mac",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:14:25.000Z",
      "arch": "aarch64",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "1293e6ad7567cfc16785f78c0df29630abb1ea228c0f9b6131482254005d73b9",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "os": "mac",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:15:43.000Z",
      "arch": "x86_64",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "8582ef7859e2df98400ab55fa83a5031bfb1e590ac5c2cd0804362aa6d3ba02a",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "os": "wasm",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:14:37.000Z",
      "arch": "emscripten",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "bab20ad2be3b35704e13636c4350e95598b8d8fbfdd33f500cb488f7311eb24c",
      "status": "success",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.7.0",
      "os": "win",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:14:18.000Z",
      "arch": "x86_64",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "37276c5bba34881b4ea83e1091ccf4faf4f83810381c40f47ad89e018a911d96",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.5.3",
      "os": "win",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:13:49.000Z",
      "arch": "x86_64",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "bb287d9203f0c4e54f94018c6f5a309fcdc4d481369f06fa981a15f99557f3fd",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    },
    {
      "r": "4.6.0",
      "os": "win",
      "version": "4.0-6",
      "date": "2026-06-07T10:14:03.000Z",
      "arch": "x86_64",
      "commit": "cb7cbe37a6181a271a11fdf58a4f1d6dba83b8fb",
      "fileid": "834dfb055535f345a26910d5e29e9dc9e5a290676b83040854b5c10912eaa7e2",
      "status": "success",
      "check": "OK",
      "buildurl": "https://github.com/r-universe/kosukeimai/actions/runs/27089520076"
    }
  ]
}